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Glyphosate and fusarium

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    Glyphosate and fusarium

    NEW EVIDENCE PRESENTED: GLYPHOSATE HERBICIDE USE
    INCREASES FUSARIUM DAMAGE IN WHEAT
    DECEMBER 11, 2003

    SWIFT CURRENT, Sask.—“We now have scientific research that shows an unequivocal
    correlation between the use of glyphosate formulations (like Monsanto's Roundup) and
    increased fusarium disease in wheat", said NFU President Stewart Wells. "This is the first
    time scientists have looked at the role that glyphosate formulations might play in increasing
    fusarium levels in wheat, and the results are overwhelming."
    Wells was commenting after attending yesterday’s Manitoba Agronomists Conference where
    Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada scientist Dr. Myriam Fernandez presented the results of
    her research. Fernandez and colleagues collected samples from 648 Saskatchewan wheat
    fields over four years. The samples were indexed for both the incidence and severity of
    fusarium. The results showed a direct correlation between applications of glyphosate and
    fusarium incidence and severity. In the four-year study, glyphosate herbicides increased the
    fusarium levels in wheat in all four years, even the two dry years in the study.
    "This new research is immensely significant for farmers in Ontario, Manitoba, and all across
    Canada. While the samples were collected in Saskatchewan fields, glyphosate herbicides
    are widely used across Canada,” said Wells. This new study on wheat crops will add to a
    wealth of literature on the subject of glyphosate formulations creating extra disease pressure
    on other plants, such as soybeans.
    “This year, the NFU has already written two letters to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency
    on the subject of fusarium and formulations of glyphosate, and we will be writing again in
    light of this new information,” said Wells.
    “The NFU will be asking the CFIA to reject Monsanto's application for its geneticallymodified
    (GM) Roundup Ready wheat on the basis of the information that glyphosate
    herbicides increase fusarium disease in wheat. Roundup Ready wheat forces farmers to use
    more glyphosate herbicides in their cropping practises,” said Wells
    Wells concluded: “In light of this new evidence, one of two things has to happen: either
    CFIA must reject Monsanto’s application or Monsanto must beat them to it and voluntarily
    withdraw its application. Once this application is rejected, or Monsanto withdraws, the
    NFU will push for a complete overhaul of the way GM crops are evaluated and approved.
    Our work on GM dairy hormones in the 1990s, on GM flax, and on GM wheat over the past
    five years has shown us that Canada’s approval process is deeply flawed. GM wheat raises
    clear threats of market loss, increased agronomic costs, and, now, increased disease losses.
    And our approval system has revealed itself to be ill-equipped to deal with these problems.”

    #2
    POWELL JR & SWANTON CJ (2008). A critique of studies evaluating glyphosate effects on diseases associated with
    Fusarium spp. Weed Research 48, 307–318.
    Summary
    With the large-scale adoption of glyphosate-resistant
    crops in North America, there are concerns that nontarget
    microbial populations might be affected by
    increased frequency of glyphosate use. Stimulation of
    fungal species associated with crop diseases, including
    Fusarium spp., has been observed in laboratory and
    glasshouse experiments. Although field surveys in Saskatchewan
    detected positive associations between the
    incidence of Fusarium head blight and application of
    glyphosate formulations, few field experiments have
    been successful at demonstrating a stimulatory effect of
    glyphosate on crop diseases, including diseases associated
    with Fusarium spp. Taken at face value, there is
    little evidence from experimental field trials to support a
    causative link between glyphosate and crop diseases
    associated with Fusarium spp. However, we are concerned
    that the experimental field trials investigating
    links between glyphosate and Fusarium spp. are not
    representative of interactions that occur under actual
    farming conditions. In addition, inadequate consideration
    may have been given to microbial ecology during
    the design and maintenance of these experimental field
    trials. At this time, there is insufficient evidence to prove
    or disprove a link between glyphosate and crop diseases
    associated with Fusarium spp. and this area should
    receive high research priority, given the rapid and
    widespread increase in glyphosate use.
    Keywords: fungal pathogen, Fusarium head blight,
    glyphosate, herbicide-resistant crops, microbial ecology,
    sudden death syndrome, weed–pathogen interactions.

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