Single Pass Systems are on the way out

[seabass]

Bgmb melted urea is cheaper than 28 but more work. I question whether the plants take it in thru the leaves. Plants have roots for a reason. Generally need a rain or heavy dew to get it to soil surface to work best. If u have TIME is more efficent than a one shot approach. We still put on 75 to 80% of our N in spring then add if crop and conditions are good.

[tweety]

You buy lots of shares in Kugler or something?

Got any real data from an independent peer reviewed proper research study to support your claim?

Or have you gone the way of most data in advertising? Generous use of the phrase:

"Well i felt that...."

[tmyrfield]

Klause, do you mind sharing your process for melting urea for spraying?

[WiltonRanch]

Look up melting urea on YouTube. There's a good video by Fabian seed farms.

[Klause]

[URL="http://www.nue.okstate.edu/Index_Publications/Foliar_P_Wheat.htm"]OK State study showing increased P efficiency through foliar application[/URL]:


<em>ABSTRACT

To date, the best phosphorus (P) fertilizer use efficiency is around 16% when knifed or applied with the seed in winter wheat. Intuitively, one would expect foliar applied P to have higher use efficiencies than when applied to the soil, but limited information is available concerning this. Small amounts of P required to correct deficiencies could theoretically be introduced to the plant by a foliar P application. Nine trials were conducted in 2002, 2003 and 2004 at Lahoma, Lake Carl Blackwell and Perkins, OK to determine whether foliar applications of P can result in increased winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yields, P uptake and use efficiency. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used to evaluate 12 treatments containing varying foliar P rates (0, 1, 2 and 4 kg ha-1 in 2002 and 2003 and additional 8, 12, 16 and 20 kg ha-1 in 2004 ) with and without pre-plant rates of 30 kg ha-1. <b><u>Foliar application of P at Feekes physiological growth stage 7 (two nodes detectable) generally increased grain yields and P uptake versus no foliar P. Use efficiency was higher when P was applied at Feekes 10.54 (flowering completed). Results from this study suggested that low rates of foliar applied P might correct mid-season P deficiency in winter wheat, and that might result in higher P use efficiencies when compared to soil applications. Foliar P appeared to be more beneficial when yield levels were lower, likely due to moisture stress.</u></b> </em>



<a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01048783">Foliar urea fertilization of cereals: A review by M. J. Gooding, W. P. Davies</a>

Abstract

It has been suggested that there are several potential benefits of providing nitrogen to cereals via the foliage as urea solution. These include: reduced nitrogen losses through denitrification and leaching compared with nitrogen fertilizer applications to the soil; the ability to provide nitrogen when root activity is impaired e.g., in saline or dry conditions, and uptake late in the season to increase grain nitrogen concentration. Factors that influence the degree of foliar absorption in field conditions have not, however, been clearly defined and losses to the atmosphere and soil can occur. Foliar urea applications may also hinder crop productivity although the explanations for this vary, and include desiccation of leaf cells, aqueous ammonia and urea toxicity, biuret contamination and the disruption of carbohydrate metabolism. It has not yet been determined which one, or combinations, of these mechanisms are most important in field situations. When damage has not been severe,<b><u> foliar urea applications have increased grain yield, particularly when applied before flag leaf emergence and when nitrogen availability is limiting. Increases in grain nitrogen content are often larger when applications of nitrogen fertilizers to the soil are reduced, and when the urea solution is sprayed either at anthesis or during the following two weeks. It is during this period that foliar urea sprays can be of greater benefit than soil applications with regard to nitrogen utilization by the crop. Increases in wheat grain nitrogen concentration following urea application can improve breadmaking quality.</u></b> Responses in loaf quality may, however, be variable particularly when increases in grain nitrogen content have been large, and/or when the nitrogen: sulphur ratio in the grain is increased. These circumstances have lead to alterations in the proportions of the different protein fractions which influence breadmaking potential.

To exploit the full potential benefits of foliar urea application to cereals, more needs to be known about the mechanisms, and thus how to prevent losses of nitrogen from the foliage, and to reduce the phytotoxic influences of sprays. More information is also required to exploit the reported effects that urea may have on limiting the development of cereal diseases.




I can find a dozen or two more...

The problem is a lot of studies were done in the 70s and 80s... Back when urea had high amounts of Biuret which hinders its ability to be taken in through leaf material... There are more new studies out there, including some very promising ones by Dr. Bill Hamman.

[tweety]

Study shows if preplant p is deficient then there is a benefit to prevent P starving.

Otherwise, give the plant enough P and dry matter was no different.

[bgmb]

A 60bu/ac wheat crop removes about 90-35-20-60. If you cut phos rates it will eventually catch up with you, short term rented land is a different story i suppose if you are that type of farmer.


Plants absorb sunlight through their leaves and moisture and nutrients through their roots why are you trying to reinvent the wheel.

[furrowtickler]

I have been told to maintain good protien in hrsw it take 2.3 to 2.8 lbs of N for every bus depending on O.M. And the PH of your soils.
Seems high but that would put 60 bus hrsw at 130 lbs plus .

[bgmb]

furrow that number is probably for grain and straw my number is removal so that makes sense.